BALANCED DIET AND NUTRITION

BALANCED DIET AND NUTRITION

Meaning of a balance diet

“A diet which consists of all the essential food constituents, viz proteins ,carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water in correct proportion is called a balance diet.”

NUTRITION

Is defined as the science of food and its relationship with health

THE TWO TYPE OF NUTRIENTS

MACRO AND MICRO

MACRO nutrition is given below

CARBOHYDRATES :

carbohydrates are the most important source of energy. They contain elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. 

PROTEINS: proteins contain-carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulphur. Proteins are very large molecules, so they cannot be directly absorbed into our blood. So they are turned into amino acids by our digestive system.

FATS:

fats contain carbon, oxygen and hydrogen in the percentage of 76, 12 and 12, respectively. Fats are necessary for many body function. fats keep us warm and  protect our organs. Fats also help in the production of hormones.

WATER:

water is a compound which is made up of hydrogen and oxygen elements in the ratio 2:1. Our blood also contains 90% of water. Water helps in the transportation of nutrition to the cells of body. It is also important for the excretion of waste products. It also regulates he body temperature. It is essential for the body’s metabolism.

MICRO NUTRIENTS

Minerals and vitamins are included in micro nutrients.

Minerals:

 are essential in our diet. About 4 per cent of our body weight is made up of minerals. Minerals are required for healthy teeth, bones, and muscles. Minerals are also used by body for various activities such as transmission of nerve impulses, formation of hormones, maintenance of heartbeat,etc.
VITAMINES:

Vitamins are chemicals, which are required in very small amount to keep our body healthy. If a particular vitamin is not present in our diet, it may causes deficiency disease